The Benue State government has confirmed a rabies outbreak in two local government areas (LGAs), with seven people infected after being bitten by rabid dogs. This alarming health crisis has prompted swift intervention by the state authorities to contain the spread of the deadly disease.
Rabies, a fatal viral infection spread through the saliva of infected animals, often results from dog bites. The Director-General of the Benue Bureau of Livestock Development and Transboundary Animal Diseases Control, Dr. Aondoakaa Asambe, revealed the details of the outbreak during a briefing in Makurdi on Monday, January 26, 2025.
Uncovering the Crisis
The outbreak first came to light following reports of dog bites in Adikpo, Kwande LGA, and Gboko LGA, where two rabid dogs were suspected of infecting multiple individuals. Seven people, including residents and vendors in these areas, were bitten by the dogs. Dr. Asambe emphasized the importance of identifying those at risk through contact tracing, a critical step to prevent further spread.
“We received reports of a disturbing incident in Adikpo and Gboko where several individuals were bitten by dogs. These cases were later confirmed as rabies-infected,” Dr. Asambe said, stressing the severity of the situation. The infected dog in Adikpo was particularly concerning, as it was sold for consumption before being identified as the carrier of the virus.
The head of the Bureau confirmed that the dog’s head was sent to the National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI) in Vom, Plateau, where laboratory tests confirmed the presence of rabies. This revelation has sent shockwaves through the state, given the potentially lethal nature of the disease.
“Rabies is one of the deadliest diseases that can affect both animals and humans. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that over 55,000 people die from rabies each year, and the majority of these deaths are linked to dog bites,” Dr. Asambe remarked. “This is a grave reminder of the importance of swift action to eliminate rabies, as we aim to meet the WHO’s 2030 target to eradicate rabies transmission by dog bites.”
Collaborative Efforts to Contain the Outbreak
In response to the confirmed outbreak, the Benue state government, in collaboration with the One Health Development Initiative (OHDI), veterinary services, and local authorities, has launched a series of emergency measures. The authorities have set up immediate contact tracing to identify individuals who may have been exposed to rabies and are offering medical intervention to prevent further infections.
“Our focus is on tracing and identifying exposed individuals for prompt treatment. This is crucial in preventing the further spread of rabies,” Dr. Asambe explained.
In addition to medical interventions, a community sensitization campaign has been initiated across both LGAs to educate residents about rabies, its prevention, and the importance of seeking immediate medical attention if bitten by an animal.
Furthermore, a ring vaccination strategy has been deployed in Adikpo, while a mass anti-rabies vaccination campaign is being launched throughout Kwande and Gboko LGAs. This widespread vaccination drive aims to reduce the number of rabid animals in the communities, particularly dogs, which play an essential role in rural livelihoods.
“Dogs are integral to our rural communities, often serving as companions, security providers, and even contributors to hunting activities. We understand the vital role they play, but we must prioritize public health and ensure all pets are vaccinated against rabies,” Dr. Asambe stated.
Long-Term Strategy for Rabies Eradication
Looking beyond the immediate crisis, the Benue Bureau of Livestock Development has outlined a long-term plan to combat rabies in the state. This plan includes the development of a comprehensive subnational rabies eradication strategy aimed at eliminating the disease by 2030.
“We are committed to implementing a plan that will guide our coordinated efforts in eradicating rabies in Benue. We aim for a rabies-free state by 2030,” Dr. Asambe affirmed.
This plan will not only focus on controlling the current outbreak but also on establishing sustainable vaccination programs, strengthening veterinary services, and increasing public awareness about rabies and its prevention. The bureau has urged pet owners to comply with the law by ensuring that their dogs and cats are vaccinated against rabies.
The Public’s Role in Combatting Rabies
Dr. Asambe’s appeal to the people of Benue was clear: vigilance is key to preventing the spread of rabies. He urged residents to report any suspected rabies cases in animals to the nearest veterinary office or local authorities.
“We need everyone’s cooperation. Pet owners must vaccinate their animals, and anyone who is bitten or scratched by a dog or any animal should seek immediate medical attention,” he advised.
Rabies is often fatal once symptoms appear, making swift medical intervention critical. Post-exposure rabies prophylaxis (PEP), which involves a series of injections, can prevent the onset of the disease if administered promptly after exposure to a rabid animal.
